DNA-based nanotechnology stimulates potent antitumor immune responses
Synthetic DNA nanovaccines enhance killer T cell immunity resulting in
tumor control in preclinical studies

Date:
September 10, 2020
Source:
The Wistar Institute
Summary:
Combining their expertise in protein engineering and synthetic
DNA technology, scientists successfully delivered nanoparticle
antitumor vaccines that stimulated robust CD8 T cell immunity and
controlled melanoma growth in preclinical models.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Researchers designed DLnano-vaccines displaying 60 copies of protein parts derived from the melanoma-specific antigens Trp2 and Gp100 and tested
these in mouse models of melanoma, observing prolonged survival that
depended on CD8 T cell activation both in therapeutic and prophylactic settings.


==========================================================================
"One of the advantages of synthetic DNA technologies over other
methods is the versatility of the platforms," said Ziyang Xu, Ph.D., a
recent doctoral graduate working at Wistar and the first author of the
study. "DLnano-vaccines may be designed for various cancer targets and
our study shows this is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy
that may warrant further testing." To elucidate the mechanism through
which DLnano-vaccines activate CD8 T cells, the team studied the effects
of the DNA-launched version of a previously described HIV nanoparticle
vaccine (eOD-GT8-60mer). They observed that DLnano- vaccines administered
via electroporation resulted in transient muscle cell apoptosis that
attracted macrophage infiltration at the injection site, which in turn
was instrumental to activate CD8 T cells.

DLnano-vaccines were developed using synthetic DNA technology in
collaboration with the lab of David B. Weiner, Ph.D., Wistar executive
vice president, director of the Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, and
the W.W. Smith Charitable Trust Professor in Cancer Research and also
a co-senior author on the study.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by The_Wistar_Institute. Note: Content
may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Ziyang Xu, Neethu Chokkalingam, Edgar Tello-Ruiz, Megan C Wise,
Mamadou A
Bah, Susanne Walker, Nicholas J Tursi, Paul D Fisher, Katherine
Schultheis, Kate E Broderick, Laurent Humeau, Daniel W Kulp and
David B Weiner. A DNA-launched nanoparticle vaccine elicits CD8
T-cell immunity to promote in vivo tumor control. Cancer Immunology
Research, 2020 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-20-0061 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/09/200910120122.htm

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