Time-restricted feeding improves health without altering the body's core
clock

Date:
September 17, 2020
Source:
University of Copenhagen The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
Summary:
For the first time, scientists have studied the early effects of
time- restricted feeding on the daily periodic oscillations of
metabolites and genes in muscle, and metabolites in blood. The
findings find that time- restricted feeding does not influence
the muscle's core clock, and opens the door to more research on
how these observed changes improve health.



FULL STORY ==========================================================================
When it comes to metabolic health, it's not just what you eat, it's when
you eat it. Studies have shown that one effective means of losing weight
and tackling obesity is to reduce the number of hours in the day that
you eat.

Time-restricted feeding -- otherwise known as intermittent fasting --
has also been shown to improve health even before weight loss kicks in.


==========================================================================
The biological explanation for the phenomenon remains poorly
understood. So scientists from the University of Copenhagen, the
Australian Catholic University and Karolinska Institutet investigated
the body's early adaptations to time-restricted feeding. Their study
identified a number of key changes in the genetic activity of muscles,
as well as the content of muscle fats and proteins, which could explain
the positive impact of time-restricted feeding.

Novel insights on short-term time-restricted feeding The study is the
first time scientists have examined the oscillations of metabolites in
skeletal muscle and in blood, as well as gene expression in skeletal
muscle after time-restricted feeding. By focusing on the short-term and
early effects of time-restricted feeding, the goal was to disentangle
the signals that govern health from those associated with weight loss.

"We observe that the rhythm of skeletal muscle core clock genes is
unchanged by time-restricted feeding, suggesting that any differences
are driven more by diet, rather than inherent rhythms," says Postdoc
Leonidas Lundell, from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic
Metabolic Research (CBMR) at the University of Copenhagen.

"We also see that the metabolite profile of skeletal muscle switches
from being predominantly lipid based, to amino acid based, after time-restricted feeding.

This coincides with changes in rhythmicity of amino acid transporters, indicating that part of the amino acid profile could be due to absorption
from the blood." Research Fellow Evelyn Parr from the Mary MacKillop
Institute for Health Research at the Australian Catholic University,
adds: "Our research is an important step towards understanding how time-restricted eating can improve metabolic health, while bridging
the gap between animal models and human intervention studies. It was
important to capture these early metabolic responses before assessing
what changes might occur after a longer period following a time-restricted feeding pattern."


========================================================================== Eating behavior does not impact the body's core clock In the study, 11
men with overweight/obesity were assigned one of two eating protocols for
a period of five days, either unrestricted feeding, or eight- hours of
time restricted feeding. On the fifth day, samples were taken every four
hours for a full day. After a 10-day break, they repeated the experiment following the other eating protocol.

After each intervention, the team of scientists studied the gene
expression in muscles, as well as the profile of metabolites -- molecules
that are formed through metabolic processes -- in the blood and muscles.

They discovered that time-restricted feeding changed the rhythmic
concentration of metabolites in blood and muscle. Time-restricted feeding
also influenced the rhythmic expression of genes expressed by muscle, particularly those responsible for helping the transport of amino acids,
the building blocks of proteins.

Critically, the study showed that time-restricted feeding did not alter
the muscle's core clock -- the cell's inbuilt metronome that regulates
its daily cycle of activity. This suggests that the altered rhythmicity
of metabolite and gene expression caused by time-restricted feeding
could be responsible for the positive health impact.

"Our findings open new avenues for scientists who are interested in understanding the causal relationship between time-restricted feeding
and improved metabolic health. These insights could help develop new
therapies to improve the lives of people who live with obesity," says
Professor Juleen Zierath from Karolinska Institutet and CBMR at the
University of Copenhagen.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided
by University_of_Copenhagen_The_Faculty_of_Health_and
Medical_Sciences. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Leonidas S. Lundell, Evelyn B. Parr, Brooke L. Devlin, Lars
R. Ingerslev,
Ali Altıntaş, Shogo Sato, Paolo Sassone-Corsi, Romain
Barre`s, Juleen R. Zierath, John A. Hawley. Time-restricted
feeding alters lipid and amino acid metabolite rhythmicity without
perturbing clock gene expression. Nature Communications, 2020; 11
(1) DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020- 18412-w ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/09/200917105416.htm

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