New algorithm uses artificial intelligence to help manage type 1
diabetes

Date:
June 12, 2020
Source:
Oregon Health & Science University
Summary:
Researchers and physicians have designed a method to help people
with type 1 diabetes better manage their glucose levels. The method
relies upon artificial intelligence and automated monitoring.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Researchers and physicians at Oregon Health & Science University, using artificial intelligence and automated monitoring, have designed a method
to help people with type 1 diabetes better manage their glucose levels.


==========================================================================
The research was published in the journal Nature Metabolism.

"Our system design is unique," said lead author Nichole Tyler, an
M.D.-Ph.D.

student in the OHSU School of Medicine. "We designed the AI algorithm
entirely using a mathematical simulator, and yet when the algorithm was validated on real-world data from people with type 1 diabetes at OHSU,
it generated recommendations that were highly similar to recommendations
from endocrinologists." That's significant because the people with
diabetes typically go three to six months between appointments with
their endocrinologist.

In that time, they can be at risk of dangerous complications if glucose
levels in their blood rise too high or fall too low. People with type
1 diabetes do not produce their own insulin, so they must take it
continuously through the day using an insulin pump or through multiple
daily injections. The algorithm developed by OHSU scientists uses data collected from a continuous glucose monitor and wireless insulin pens
to provide guidance on adjustments.

Paired with a smart phone app called DailyDose, the recommendations
from the algorithm were shown to be in agreement with physicians 67.9%
of the time.

The new study involved monitoring 16 people with type 1 diabetes over the course of four weeks, showing that the model can help reduce hypoglycemia,
or low glucose. If left untreated, hypoglycemia can cause coma or death.

The engine was developed in a collaboration between the OHSU Harold
Schnitzer Diabetes Health Center and the Artificial Intelligence for
Medical Systems Lab led by Peter Jacobs, Ph.D., associate professor of biomedical engineering in the OHSU School of Medicine.

"There are other published algorithms on this, but not a lot of clinical studies," said Jacobs, senior author on the study. "Very few have shown
a statistically relevant outcome -- and most do not compare algorithm recommendations with those of a physician. In addition to showing
improvement in glucose control, our algorithm generated recommendations
that had very high correlation with physician recommendations with over
99% of the algorithm's recommendations delivered across 100 weeks of
patient testing considered safe by physicians." OHSU intends to continue
to advance the technology.

"We have plans over the next several years to run several larger
trials over eight and then 12 weeks and to compare DailyDose with other
insulin treatment strategies, including automated insulin delivery,"
said co-author Jessica Castle, M.D., associate professor of medicine (endocrinology, diabetes and clinical nutrition) in the OHSU School
of Medicine.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by
Oregon_Health_&_Science_University. Original written by Erik
Robinson. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Nichole S. Tyler, Clara M. Mosquera-Lopez, Leah M. Wilson, Robert H.

Dodier, Deborah L. Branigan, Virginia B. Gabo, Florian H. Guillot,
Wade W. Hilts, Joseph El Youssef, Jessica R. Castle, Peter
G. Jacobs. An artificial intelligence decision support system for
the management of type 1 diabetes. Nature Metabolism, 2020; DOI:
10.1038/s42255-020-0212-y ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200612172204.htm

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