Women generate lower travel-related greenhouse gas emissions

Date:
June 10, 2020
Source:
University of Otago
Summary:
Women use more diverse modes of travel and generate lower greenhouse
gas emissions than men, despite men being more than twice as likely
to travel by bike, a new study has found.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Women use more diverse modes of travel and generate lower greenhouse
gas emissions than men, despite men being more than twice as likely to
travel by bike, a New Zealand study has found.


==========================================================================
The researchers studied the transport patterns of almost 50,000 Kiwis
between 2002 and 2014 based on data from the New Zealand Household
Travel Survey.

Lead researcher Dr Caroline Shaw from the University of Otago, Wellington
says that while both men and women mostly travelled by car, there were
distinct patterns of travel linked to gender.

Fewer women regularly cycled (two per cent) compared to men (five per
cent) but women travelled shorter distances, Dr Shaw says.

"Women took more trips, but travelled between 12 and 17 per cent fewer kilometres per day and were more likely to walk and use public transport
than men. Thus, women overall had a more diverse and lower greenhouse
gas emission travel profile than men." Women also undertook more car
trips of less than five kilometres each day than men, journeys that
could potentially be done by bike.



==========================================================================
The research focused on Kiwis who cycled for utility or transport
reasons. The most common reasons for travel were to accompany others,
go shopping or make social visits. In general, men took fewer trips for
the purpose of accompanying others and made fewer shopping trips.

"We found differences in mode for trips for the same purpose by
gender. For example, shopping trips undertaken by men in New Zealand
are much more likely to be done using a car than those by women."
Dr Shaw says there is significant potential to support increased cycling
among women in New Zealand, based both on their propensity for using low greenhouse gas emission travel modes, the number of short trips taken by
women that could be replaced by biking or walking and on evidence from
overseas countries which have high numbers of cyclists, where women take
half or more of their trips by bike.

"Women are already more flexible and lower carbon travellers than men. We
need to provide them with better opportunities and support to do more
of this type of travel." Dr Shaw says the research shows that specific
changes in cycling infrastructure are needed to encourage women to cycle
more on routes between their homes and the shops and to travel safely
in the company of others.

"These would likely require whole street/suburb changes to make them
safer and more attractive to walk and cycle for the whole family and
be relevant for the places that women travel between, such as shops,
schools and libraries, as well as workplaces.

"These are changes that require a much greater emphasis on what is local
to where people live, to facilitate activities that might be regarded
as mundane." Dr Shaw says policies also need to focus on how to get
more men to use cycling and public transport for routine commuting.

"There are many opportunities to make men's travel lower carbon as well;
the regular commute is the perfect trip to replace with cycling or public transport as it is predictable and regular."

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by University_of_Otago. Note: Content
may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Caroline Shaw, Marie Russell, Michael Keall, Sara MacBride-Stewart,
Kirsty Wild, Dory Reeves, Rebecca Bentley, Alistair
Woodward. Beyond the bicycle: Seeing the context of the gender gap
in cycling. Journal of Transport & Health, 2020; 18: 100871 DOI:
10.1016/j.jth.2020.100871 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200610102733.htm

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