Scientists map the human proteome

Date:
October 19, 2020
Source:
University of British Columbia
Summary:
Twenty years after the release of the human genome, the genetic
'blueprint' of human life, an international research team has now
mapped the first draft sequence of the human proteome.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Twenty years after the release of the human genome, the genetic
"blueprint" of human life, an international research team, including
the University of British Columbia's Chris Overall, has now mapped the
first draft sequence of the human proteome.


========================================================================== Their work was published Oct. 16 in Nature Communications and announced
today by the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO). Overall is the only
Canadian scientist involved in the Nature Communications paper.

"Today marks a significant milestone in our overall understanding of
human life," says Overall, a professor in the faculty of dentistry
and a member of the Centre for Blood Research at UBC. "Whereas the
human genome provides a complete 'blueprint' of human genes, the human
proteome identifies the individual building blocks of life encoded by
this blueprint: proteins.

"Proteins interact to shape everything from life-threatening diseases
to cellular structure in our bodies." With 90 per cent of the proteins
in the human body now mapped, Overall says scientists have a deeper understanding of how individual proteins interact to influence human
health, providing insights into disease prevention and individualized
medicine.

Their work may have implications for scientists studying potential
treatments for COVID-19.

"In COVID-19, for instance, there are two proteomes involved, that of
the SARS- CoV-2 virus and that of the infected cells, both of which
likely interact with, modify, and change the function of the other,"
says Overall. "Understanding this relationship can shed light on why some
cells and individuals are more resilient to COVID-19 and others more vulnerable, providing essential functional information about the human
body that genomics alone cannot answer." As many human diseases result
from changes in the composition or functions of proteins, mapping the
proteome strengthens the foundation for disease diagnosis, prediction
of outcomes, treatment, and precision medicine.

"Humans share 99.9 per cent of their DNA between individuals, yet
deficiencies in the proteome 'parts' stemming from inherited genetic
mutations can lead to genetic diseases, or defective or inadequate
immune and cellular responses to environmental, nutritional and infection stressors," says Overall. "Knowing which proteins are key to protection
from disease, and the deficiencies in expression or activity that
are hallmarks of disease, can inform individualized medicine and the development of new therapies." The paper "A high-stringency blueprint of
the human proteome" was published in the journal Nature Communications. An editorial about this research, written by Dr. Overall, was published
today in the Journal of Proteome Research.


========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by University_of_British_Columbia. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal References:
1. Subash Adhikari, Edouard C. Nice, Eric W. Deutsch, Lydie Lane,
Gilbert S.

Omenn, Stephen R. Pennington, Young-Ki Paik, Christopher M. Overall,
Fernando J. Corrales, Ileana M. Cristea, Jennifer E. Van Eyk,
Mathias Uhle'n, Cecilia Lindskog, Daniel W. Chan, Amos Bairoch,
James C.

Waddington, Joshua L. Justice, Joshua LaBaer, Henry Rodriguez,
Fuchu He, Markus Kostrzewa, Peipei Ping, Rebekah L. Gundry,
Peter Stewart, Sanjeeva Srivastava, Sudhir Srivastava, Fabio
C. S. Nogueira, Gilberto B. Domont, Yves Vandenbrouck, Maggie
P. Y. Lam, Sara Wennersten, Juan Antonio Vizcaino, Marc Wilkins,
Jochen M. Schwenk, Emma Lundberg, Nuno Bandeira, Gyorgy Marko-Varga,
Susan T. Weintraub, Charles Pineau, Ulrike Kusebauch, Robert
L. Moritz, Seong Beom Ahn, Magnus Palmblad, Michael P. Snyder,
Ruedi Aebersold, Mark S. Baker. A high-stringency blueprint of
the human proteome. Nature Communications, 2020; 11 (1) DOI:
10.1038/s41467-020- 19045-9
2. Christopher M. Overall. The HUPO High-Stringency Inventory of
Humanity's
Shared Human Proteome Revealed. Journal of Proteome Research,
2020; DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00794 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201019133648.htm

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